Life of prophet Muhhamad

Muhammad (c. 570-632), chief prophet of Islam. He isdescribed as the founder of Islam.

Muhammad is said to have been born in Mecca in western Arabia. Muhammad's family belonged to the clan of Hashim, part of the tribe of Quraysh. Quraysh dominated Mecca and made up most of its population. Muhammad's father, Abdallah, died before he was born, and his mother, Amina, died while he was still a young child.

The name Muhammad is said to have been given to him as a result of a dream his grandfather had. He is also said to have had other names, such as Abul-Qasim, Ahmad, and Mustafa.

As a young man he is reported to have visited Syria as part of a caravan from Mecca for purposes of trade. While there, he was recognized by Jewish and Christian holy men and scholars as a prophet whose coming had been foretold in their own scriptures. His future prophetic status was indicated by certain marks on his body and by miraculous signs in nature.

The people of Mecca, the tribe of Quraysh, have a reputation as great traders. One of them, a widow called Khadija, recruited the young Muhammad to manage her affairs and, impressed with his honesty and acumen, then offered him marriage. Muhammad is said to have been about 25 when he married Khadija, and so long as she lived he had no other wife. After her death he had several others, perhaps the best known of whom was the young Aisha.

Muhammad is said to have been about 40 when he had his first prophetic experience. It is not always described in the same way, but one of the most widespread traditions is that it occurred while he was in a state of solitary withdrawal in a cave on Mount Hira outside Mecca.

After a short period during which he received no further revelations (lời truyền của thánh, chúa), they then began again and continued until the end of his life.

When the revelations were collected together after his death to form the Koran, they were not organized according to any order of revelation: revelations thought to come from different times in his life were placed together to form the chapters of the Koran.

In 632 Muhammad came to Mecca from Medina for the last time to perform the pilgrimage (hajj) ceremonies. This is known as the Pilgrimage of Farewell for, not long afterwards, having returned to Medina, he died. He was buried in his house in Medina, and the second most important mosque in Islam grew up there around his tomb.

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